The extraction of coke from bituminous coal and the smelting of iron ore rich in phosphorous have been the bases assisting the growth of the iron industry since the 19th century. Saarland कि Saarland liegt im Westen von Deutschland, 2 569 km2, (2006) 991.000 निवासियों. Other important industries include food processing and the manufacture of textiles. Saarland is divided into six districts ("Landkreise" in German): The following table shows the ten largest cities of Saarland:[7], Saarland is the most religious state in Germany. Atlas der Verbreitung der Farngewächse mit feinem Raster (4 x 4 km Quadrate), wobei die Fläche etwa 50.000 km2 beträgt (240 x 220 km). The parliament elects a minister-president, usually the leader of the parliament’s strongest party. Prims on Saarin 65-kilometrinen sivujoki. Another part in the east, corresponding to the present Saarpfalz district, was allocated to the Kingdom of Bavaria. Most of it became part of the Prussian Rhine Province. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. A small part in the northeast was ruled by the Duke of Oldenburg. This lowland is framed to the north by the edge of the Hunsrück highland and to the south by the scarps of the French région of Lorraine. The Köppen-Geiger climate classification is Cfb. Name: Saarland topographic map, elevation, relief.. Coordinates: 49.11195 6.35579 49.63943 7.40483. Saarland (/ˈsɑːrlænd/, also US: /ˈzɑːr-/, German: [ˈzaːɐ̯lant] (listen); French: Sarre [saʁ]) is a state of Germany in the west of the country. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. After World War I, Saar’s coal mines were awarded to France, and Saarland was placed under the administration of the League of Nations for 15 years, at the end of which time a plebiscite permitted the inhabitants to choose between being part of France or Germany. The heavily industrialized region was economically valuable, due to the wealth of its coal deposits and location on the border between France and Germany. Saarland (/ ˈ s ɑːr l æ n d /, also US: / ˈ z ɑːr-/, German: [ˈzaːɐ̯lant] ; French: Sarre) is a state of Germany in the west of the country. It is bounded by the state of Rhineland-Palatinate to the north and east and by the countries of France to the south and southwest and Luxembourg to the northwest. The rainfall in Homburg is significant, with precipitation even during the driest month. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The climate is largely continental in character, but a maritime influence is quite evident in Saarland’s moderately warm summers and mild winters. The Old Bridge over the Saar River, Saarbrücken, Ger. With an area of 2,570 km 2 (990 sq mi) and population of 995,600 in 2015, it is the smallest German state in both area and population apart from the city-states of Berlin , … Some states (marked *) are only partially located in Europe.Those are ranked according to the size of their European part only. Pop. In 1920 this was formalized by a 15-year League of Nations mandate. On 31 July 1870, the French Emperor Napoleon III ordered an invasion across the River Saar to seize Saarbrücken. The well-developed educational system includes the University of Saarland at Saarbrücken. 1906 – d. 1968), non-party, 29 October 1955 – 10 January 1956 Heinrich Welsch (b. The capital is Saarbrücken. Area 992 square miles (2,569 square km). Since 1971, Saarland has been a member of SaarLorLux, a euroregion created from Saarland, Lorraine, Luxembourg, Rhineland Palatinate, and Wallonia. The main difference lies in the pronunciation of the r sound. Following World War II, the French military administration in Allied-occupied Germany organized the territory as the Saar Protectorate on 16 February 1946. [16] Saarbrücken is also home to a bilingual "Deutsch-Französisches Gymnasium" (German-French high school). Most important of the local rulers were the counts of Nassau-Saarbrücken. By the Middle Ages, Saar consisted of several small territories, the largest of which was centred on the city of Saarbrücken. Tämä artikkeli tai sen osa on käännetty tai siihen on haettu tietoja muunkielisen Wikipedian artikkelista. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Saarland, Saarland, Germany - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Both dialects, particularly in their respective Saarland flavour, share many characteristic features, some of which will be explained below. The GDP per capita was the second lowest of all states in West Germany.[10]. In the plebiscite, held on January 13, 1935, more than 90 percent of the inhabitants of Saar voted for its return to Germany. We have reviews of the best places to see in Saarland. The growth of the mining and iron-producing industries that started during the 19th century attracted workers from all over Germany, greatly increasing the region’s population. ("I praise you, you friendly land on the Saar"), postage stamps issued specially for the territory, List of Ministers-President of the Saarland, "Bruttoinlandsprodukt – in jeweiligen Preisen – 1991 bis 2019", "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab", "Statistische Ämter des Bundes und der Länder", Fortgeschriebener Bevölkerungsstand*) am Jahresende 1926 bis 2018, "Saarland (Germany): Counties, Cities and Communes - Population Statistics, Charts and Map", Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland – Kirchemitgliederzahlen Stand 31. Important income sources are the automobile industry, steel industry, ceramic industry and computer science and information systems industry. This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access. In 1948, the French government established the Saarland University under the auspices of the University of Nancy. The annual precipitation is about 31 inches (800 mm). He died on 28 September 1944 and was succeeded by Willi Stöhr, who remained in office until the region fell to advancing American forces in March 1945. The French language has a special standing in Saarland due to its geographical proximity with France. Most of the state’s settlements are small agricultural or mining towns. As in other metal-processing and coal-mining regions of Germany, Saarland (notably Völklingen, once dominated by its major ironworks) has been making efforts to diversify its economic base. Germany (German: Deutschland, German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʏtʃlant]), officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe.It is situated between the Baltic and North seas to the north, and the Alps to the south; covering an area of 357,022 square kilometres (137,847 sq mi), with a population of over 83 million within its 16 constituent states. Saarland is governed by a state parliament, whose members are elected every four years. A further change was made after 8 April 1940 to Reichskommissar für die Saarpfalz; finally, after 11 March 1941, he was made Reichsstatthalter in der "Westmark" (the region's new name, meaning "Western March or Border"). From 1792 to 1815 France again occupied Saar, together with the entire west bank of the Rhine. It is named after the river Saar, a tributary of the Moselle (itself a tributary of the Rhine), which runs through the state from the south to the northwest. Water transport, such as that along the canalized portion of the Saar River, is important. The two dialect regions are mainly separated by the das / dat isogloss; in the northwestern portion of the state, including cities such as Saarlouis, standard German das is pronounced with a final [t] instead of an [s]. The cheapest way to get from Bourges to Black Forest costs only 75€, and the quickest way takes just 6¼ hours. Saarland was returned to Nazi Germany in the 1935 Saar status referendum. Dezember 2018, "Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30% to 263% of the EU average in 2018", "Last coal marks end of Saarland mining – The Local", "Arbeitslosenquote nach Bundesländern in Deutschland 2018 | Statista", "Federal Statistical Office Germany - GENESIS-Online", "BBC News – German region of Saarland moves towards bilingualism", "France, Germany and the Struggle for the War-making Natural Resources of the Rhineland", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saarland&oldid=1013017643, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Anthem: "Ich rühm' dich, du freundliches Land an der Saar", Vice Minister-president of the Saarland and, Minister for Social Affairs, Health, Women, and the Family, Minister for Finance and European Affairs, 31 July 1945 – 8 June 1946: Hans Neureuther, Non-party. Area 992 square miles (2,569 square km). The region of the Saarland was settled by the Celtic tribes of Treveri and Mediomatrici. In the 1st century BC, the Roman Empire made the region part of its province of Belgica. Saarland, also called Saar, Land (state) in the southwestern portion of Germany. Find the detailed maps for Saarland , Deutschland , Saarland . Most inhabitants live in a city agglomeration on the French border, surrounding the capital of Saarbrücken. Tämä artikkeli tai sen osa on käännetty tai siihen on haettu tietoja muunkielisen Wikipedian artikkelista. Translator. In 1933, a considerable number of communists and other political opponents of National Socialism fled to the Saar, as it was the only part of Germany that remained outside national administration following the First World War. The Saarland is - in both area (2,569km²) and population terms- is the smallest federal state in Germany, other than the city-states of Berlin, Bremen and Hamburg. Wadern sijaitsee Hunsrückin keskivuoriston kupeessa Saarlandin pohjoisosassa Prims-joen varrella. Things to Do in Saarland, Germany: See Tripadvisor's 48,507 traveller reviews and photos of Saarland tourist attractions. When the reincorporation was considered accomplished, his title was changed (after 17 June 1936) to Reichskommissar für das Saarland. Both the Rhine Franconian and Moselle Franconian dialects (and Luxemburgish) have merged the palatal fricative sound as in ich with the post-alveolar fricative as in frisch 'fresh', causing minimal pairs such as Kirche 'church' and Kirsche 'cherry' to be pronounced in the same way.[15]. Saarland is mainly surrounded by the department of Moselle (Grand Est) in France to the west and south and the neighboring state of Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany to the north and east; it also shares a small border about 8 kilometres (5 miles) long with the canton of Remich in Luxembourg to the northwest. 17.5% of the Saarlandic population adhere to the Evangelical Church in Germany (EKD), organised in the two Landeskirchen named Evangelical Church in the Rhineland and Evangelical Church of the Palatinate, both following the same former territorial partition.